Django Interview Questions?

Django, a framework for Python, has gained traction over the last few years in the field of web development. Because of helping developers write clean code faster, an increasing number of companies are adopting it.

If you are looking to learn Django or explore career opportunities in Python with Django, then you must ensure that you have all the necessary skills and are able to crack the job interview.

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Basic Django Interview Questions & Answers


Below are some of the top Django interview questions for freshers (with proper answers).


1. What is Django? And why is it used?


It is a Python web framework with a high level of abstraction that allows for the rapid creation of safe and maintained websites.

In addition, Django is open-source and free. It eliminates most of the burden of web development and will enable you to focus on creating apps rather than reinventing the wheel.

The goal of creating this framework is to help developers to spend time developing new application components rather than existing ones.

2. Is Django used for frontend or backend development?


Django is a versatile tool in Python that can be used to create both the behind-the-scenes part (back-end) and the visible part (front-end) of a website or web application. It's like a set of building blocks that help you make functional websites.

3. What is the most recent Django version? Describe its features.


Django 3.1 is the latest version.

It has the following new features:

  1. Asynchronous views and middleware are supported.
  2. All database backends have JSON field support.
  3. Admin design
  4. path library
  5. Reusability of Code
  6. CDN Integration
  7. SECURE_REFERRER_POLICY

4. What’s the difference between Python and Django?


Python is a programming language that can be used to create different types of applications like machine learning, artificial intelligence, and desktop software. Django is a web framework built using Python to make it easier to create web applications. So, while Python is a versatile language, Django is a specific tool for web development.

Django is like a toolbox for building websites and applications using Python. It can help you create everything from the front-end to the back-end of your online projects.

5. What architecture does Django use?


Django’s architecture is Model-Template-View (MTV). It is divided into three sections:

  1. Model:The entire app relies on a database as its fundamental data foundation.
  2. Template:This template is about how information is shown to people.
  3. View:A user interface is like the look of a website. The way a website appears is made using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files.

6. Is Django easy to learn?


Django is an easy framework to pick up, especially if you already know some Python and have a bit of experience with web development.

You can also choose to take an online course to get certified in Django, which will teach you everything you need to know in a clear and thorough way. It's a great option for beginners to learn.

7. What are the key features of Django that make it a superior framework?


What makes Django stand out from its competitors are its key features.

  1. In comparison to other open-source technologies, Django has good documentation.
  2. It is a web framework and one of the primary reasons people began utilizing it. It is the only one that can handle any operation out there.
  3. Django is SEO-friendly.
  4. Django is scalable, allowing it to transition from small to large-scale projects easily.
  5. The nature of Django is adaptable. It allows you to create apps for a variety of areas.
  6. Large community to connect and share.
  7. Allows for rapid development.

8. What are the advantages of Django?


Django has many advantages, but we’ll focus on the ones that set it apart from competing frameworks.

  1. Better content management and CDN connectivity
  2. Designed as a framework for Python
  3. MVC programming model is supported
  4. It has robust security features
  5. Custom web app development accelerated. Compatible with main OS systems and databases.

9. What are Django Models?


While preparing for the Python interview questions and answers for freshers, ensure to add this question to your list.

A model in Django is a definite source of data information, as defined in “app/models.py.“

Models operate as an abstraction layer, structuring and manipulating data. Django models are a subclass of “django.db.models.” The model class and its attributes reflect database fields.

10. Is Django a content management system?


Django is not a CMS (Content Management System). It’s simply a Python web framework and programming tool for creating websites.

11. What are static files in Django? And how do you do it?


Static files in Django serve additional functions,

To build up static files in Django, you must accomplish three things:

  1. Set STATIC_ROOT in settings.py
  2. Execute manage.py static
  3. In the PythonAnywhere web tab, add a Static Files entry.

12. What is the purpose of Django’s Middlewares?


Django’s middlewares are lightweight plugins that run during request and response execution. It handles security, CSRF protection, session management, authentication, etc. In addition, Django includes several built-in middlewares.

13. Explain Django Field Class briefly.


It is one of the most asked Django interview questions for freshers. Know the concept of field class below.

The term ‘Field’ means to an abstract class that represents a column in a database table. For example, RegisterLookupMixin is a subclass of the Field class. 

These fields are utilized in Django to generate database tables (db_type()), They are then used to transfer Python types to the database by get prep value() and vice versa via from db value(). 

As a result, fields are critical components of other Django APIs like models and querysets.

14. What are the different types of Django Field Classes?


Each field in a model is an instance of the corresponding field class. Field class types in Django determine:

  1. The column type informs the database about the type of data to be stored (e.g., INTEGER, VARCHAR, TEXT).
  2. While rendering a form field, the default HTML widget.
(e.g. <input type="text">, <select>)
  1. The simplest validation requirements used in Django admin and automatically created forms.

15. How can you determine which version of Django is installed on your system?


To find out what version of Django is installed on your system, open the command prompt and type the following command:

  1. python -m django –version

    2. You can also try to import Django and use the get_version() method as follows:

    1. import django
    2. print(django.get_version())

    16. What are some of the top companies that use Django?


    Instagram, DISCUS, Mozilla Firefox, YouTube, Pinterest, Reddit, and other companies use the Django framework.

    17. What are views in Django?


    Django views are used for encapsulation. They contain the logic responsible for processing a user’s request and returning the result to the user. Django views either return a HttpResponse or throw an exception, such as Http404. 

    The objects in HttpResponse contain the material that will be presented to the user. Django views can also be used for operations like reading entries from a database, delegating to templates, generating a PDF file, etc.

    18. What are templates in Django?


    The template layer in Django renders the information that will display in a designer-friendly way. You can build HTML dynamically by using templates. The HTML contains both static and dynamic content elements. 

    Depending on the needs of your project, you can have an unlimited number of templates. Of course, it is also OK to have none of them.

    The Django template language is Django’s template system (DTL). Regardless of the backend, you can load and render templates using Django’s normal admin.

    19. What are signals in Django?


    Django includes a signal dispatcher, allowing decoupled apps to be informed when activities occur elsewhere in the framework. 

    Django consists of a collection of built-in signals that will enable senders to notify a group of receivers when an action is performed. Some of the signs are as follows:

    20. Why are web developers drawn to Django?


    Since you are applying for a job in this field, make sure to know the answers of such basic Django interview questions for freshers.

    Below are some of the reasons behind an increasing number of Python developers opting for the Django framework:

    1. It allows code modules to be grouped into logical groups, increasing their adaptability.
    2. Django makes website maintenance easier, as an auto-generated web admin module is provided.
    3. It provides a ready-to-use API for typical user tasks.
    4. Allows developers to provide the URL of a specific function.
    5. It enables users to decouple business logic from HTML.
    6. Provides a way to define your web page’s HTML template, preventing code duplication.

    21. Is Django named after the Quentin Tarantino film of the same name?


    No, Django is named after Django Reinhardt, a jazz guitarist who was active from the 1930s through the early 1950s. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest guitarists of all time.

    22. How to set up Django?


    Users can download and install Python according to the host machine’s operating system. Then, in the terminal, type pip installs “django>=2.2,3” and wait for the installation to complete.

    23. What is CRUD in Django?


    The CRUD is an abbreviation for Create, Read, Update, and Delete. It’s a mnemonic system that helps developers remember how to generate useable models when creating application programming interfaces (APIs).

    24. What are the drawbacks and challenges of Django?


    Here is a short list of Django challenges and drawbacks:

    1. Because of its monolithic bulk, it is not highly suitable for smaller projects.
    2. Everything is dependent on Django’s ORM (Object-Relational Mapping)
    3. Due to a lack of convention, everything must be explicitly described.

    25. Is it possible to use multiple-column Primary Keys in Django?


    No. Django only supports Primary Keys with a single column.

    26. Is it required to use the model/database layer?


    No. The model/database layer is separated from the rest of the system.

    27. What is the difference between a Django project and an app?


    It should be in your list of top Django interview questions and answers for freshers so that you understand the difference between a project and an app.

    The app is a module that addresses specific project requirements. The project, on the other hand, covers a whole app. A project in Django can contain many applications, while one app can appear in multiple projects.

    28. Explain Django URL in brief?


    Django allows you to create URL functions in whatever way you desire. However, to accomplish this, you must first construct a Python module called URLconf (URL configuration).

    This module is written entirely in Python and serves as a mapping between URL path expressions and Python functions. This mapping can also be as lengthy or as short as desired and refer to other mappings.

    This mapping might be as long or as short as necessary and refer to other mappings. Django also allows you to translate URLs based on the active language.

    29. What is a Django session?


    Django uses sessions to maintain track of the status of the site and a specific browser. 

    Django allows for anonymous sessions. The session framework stores and retrieves data for each site visitor. It saves information on the server and will enable you to send and receive cookies. Cookies protect session ID information but not actual data.

    30. What are Django cookies?


    A Django cookie is a little piece of data stored in the client’s browser. Django has built-in methods for setting and retrieving cookies. We use the set_cookie() method to create a cookie and the get() method to retrieve it.

    To obtain cookie values, utilize the request.COOKIES[‘key’] array.

    31. What version of Python should be used with Django?


    The table below contains information about the Python versions that can be used with Django:

    Python 3 is the most popular because it is faster, has more features, and is better supported. However, in the case of Python 2.7, Django 1.1 can be used alongside it until 2020.

    32. Does Django support NoSQL?


    You must know the answer to this thing because it is among the top Django interview questions for freshers.

    NoSQL is an abbreviation for “not only SQL.” This is thought to be an alternative to traditional RDBMS or relational databases. 

    Django does not officially support NoSQL databases. However, third-party projects like Django non-rel enable NoSQL capabilities in Django. You can currently use MongoDB and Google App Engine.

    33. How does Django handle a request?


    When the Django Server receives a request, it uses an algorithm to identify which Python code needs to be executed. The steps are as follows:

    1. Django examines the setup of the root URL.
    2. Django then searches all variable URL patterns in the URLconf for a match to the requested URL.
    3. If the URL matches, it returns the view function linked with it.
    4. For any data requirements, it will then request data from the Model of that app and deliver it to the associated Template shown by the browser.
    5. Django provides an error-handling view if none of the provided URLs match the requested URL.


    Advanced Django Questions



    1. Describe the Django Architecture.


    Django adheres to the MTV architecture (Model, Template, View).

    The graphic below demonstrates the Django MTV architecture’s working cycle:

    The app logic and Model initiate the appropriate response to the supplied request after sending the correct URL request. 

    Next, a detailed response is sent back to View for verification and transmission as an HTTP response or selected user format. Then data is passed back to the browser via Templates.

    Let’s look at a real-world scenario to help you understand:

    You open the login page when you log into a Django-based website. View processes the request and sends it to the login page URL. The response is then transmitted from the server to the browser.

    After that, you’ll enter the credentials in the Template, and the data will be sent back to the View to correct the request before being presented in the Model. The Model then validates the user’s data in the associated database.

    If the data from the user matches, it transmits the relevant data (profile name, image, etc.) to the Views.

    Otherwise, the model returns a negative value to the Views.

    That is how the Django MTV architecture operates.

    2. Explain the reusability of Django’s code.


    Django provides higher code reusability than competing frameworks. Because Django is a collection of programs, transferring those apps from one directory to another with some configuration adjustments is possible. 

    Writing new applications from scratch will take little time with a py file.

    Django is the rapid development framework; other frameworks do not allow for this level of code reusability.

    3. What are the inheritance styles in Django?


    As a developer, you must be ready to face such Django interview questions for experienced professionals.

    Django provides three different inheritance styles:

    Abstract base classes:

    When you want the parent class to maintain data you don’t want to spell out for each child model, you use abstract base classes.

    Multi-table inheritance:

    When you want to use a subclass on an existing model and have each model have its database table, you use multi-table inheritance.

    Proxy models:

    This style is used to change Python-level behaviour with models without modifying the Model’s field.

    4. What is settings.py file in Django?


    settings.py file, as the name says, is the main Django settings file. Databases, middlewares, backend engines, templating engines, installed apps, static file locations, main URL configurations, authorized hosts and servers, and security keys are stored in this file as a dictionary or list.

    So, when Django files are launched, the settings.py file is executed first, followed by the loading of the relevant databases and engines to deliver the request swiftly.

    5. What is the difference between Django’s CharField and TextField?


    TextField can hold large amounts of text. TextField is used in Django to hold paragraphs and other text data. It is the default form widget for this field.

    CharField is a string field that is used for small to large strings. It’s similar to a string field in C/C++. For example, CharField is used in Django to store tiny strings such as first, last, and so on.

    6. What is the difference between “Django-admin.py” and “manage.py”?


    1. Django-admin.py is a command-line application for doing administrative duties.
    2. manage.py It is created automatically in each Django project and controls the Django project on the server or even starts one. It is used as follows:
    1. Manages the package on the sys. path for the project.
    2. The DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environment variable is set.

    7. What are Django signals?


    In your list of Django interview questions for experienced developers, keep this question as it often asked.

    Django includes a “signal dispatcher” to notify detached applications when a framework action occurs. Signals allow specific senders to inform a group of receivers that something has happened. They are helpful when we employ multiple bits of code in the same events.

    Django comes with several built-in signals that allow users to be notified of specific activities.

    8. How do you start a Django project?


    To start a Django project, navigate to the directory where you want to save your project and run the following command:

    django-admin startproject xyz

    NOTE: XYZ is the project name here. Change this name according to your choice.

    9. Is Django stable?


    Yes, Django is highly stable. Django has been used for many years by firms such as Instagram, Discus, Pinterest, and Mozilla. Not only that, but Django-powered websites have survived traffic spikes of over 50 thousand hits per second.

    10. Is it possible to scale the Django framework?


    Yes. Because hardware is significantly cheaper than development time, Django is built to use any amount of hardware you can give entirely. 

    In addition, Django employs a “shared-nothing” design, which allows you to add hardware at any level, such as database servers, caching servers, or Web/application servers.

    11. Is Django superior to Flask?


    Django is a framework for creating massive projects. On the other hand, Flask is used to construct smaller websites, but it is easier to understand and use compared to Django. 

    Django is a complete framework that does not require any third-party libraries. On the other hand, Flask is a lightweight framework that allows you to install third-party utilities whenever and however you want. 

    So, the answer to this issue is dependent on the user’s requirement, and if the need is cumbersome, the answer is unquestionably Django.

    12. Give an example of a Django view.


    Knowing some examples of every concept is crucial while preparing for Django interview questions and answers.

    In Django, a view produces a HttpResponse or throws an exception such as Http404. The objects in HttpResponse contain the material that will be presented to the user.

    from django.http import HttpResponse

def hello_world(request):

    html = "

<h1>Hello World!</h1>

"
    return HttpResponse(html)

    13. What should you do if you get the notice “Please enter the correct username and password” even after entering the necessary information to log in to the admin section?


    If you have entered the correct information but are still unable to access the admin site, double-check that the user account is active and its staff attributes are set to True. 

    The admin site is only accessible to users with these parameters set to True.

    14. What should you do if you cannot log in despite entering the correct information and receiving no error message?


    In this instance, the login cookie is not established correctly. This occurs when the Django cookie’s domain does not match your browser’s environment. You must update the SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN setting to check your browser.

    15. How do Django views work?


    The framework’s most important component is Django views. They have the function of encapsulation. They include the logic required to execute a user’s request and respond to the user.

    In Django, they either return HTTP replies or throw an error such as 404. Views may also read entries from a database and generate PDF files, among other things.

    Every Django app includes a views.py file that contains the views functions. In addition, Django’s Views function can be imported directly into the URLs file.

    First, import the view function into the urls.py file and provide the path/URL that the browser should use to call that View function.

    16. How do you restrict admin access in Django so only those who created the items can update them?


    Django’s ModelAdmin class includes customization hooks for controlling the display and editability of objects in the admin. You can accomplish this by using the get_queryset() and has_change_permission() functions ().

    17. How does Django architecture appear?


    Make sure to have answers to this type of interview questions on Django framework.

    Django architecture includes the following components:

    Models:

    This section describes the database schema and data structure.

    Views:

    Determines what a user sees. The idea retrieves data from relevant models, performs any necessary calculations, and sends it on to the template.

    Templates:

    Controls how the pages are shown to the user. It defines how the data received from the views must be transformed or prepared before it can be shown on the page.

    Controller:

    Django framework and URL parsing are used.

    18. What should you do if not all objects appear on the admin site?


    Inconsistent row counts are caused by missing Foreign Key values or setting the Foreign Key field to null=False. 

    If the ForeignKey points to an invalid record and that foreign is present in the list display method, the document will not be displayed in the admin change list.

    19. What do you mean by csrf_token?


    The csrf_token is used to prevent Cross-Site Request Forgery. 

    This type of attack occurs when a malicious website contains a link, some JavaScript, or a form with the intent of performing some action on your website using the login credentials of a legitimate user.

    20. How do I make a variable accessible to all templates?


    You can use the RequestContext when your templates require the same objects, such as menus. 

    This function accepts an HttpRequest as its first parameter and populates the context with a few variables based on the engine’s context_processors configuration option.

    21. Describe the file structure of an average Django project.


    A typical Django project has the following four files:

    1. manage.py
    2. settings.py
    3. __init__.py
    4. urls.py
    5. wsgi.py

    The final four files are contained within the same directory as manage.py.

    1. manage.py is your Django project’s command-line utility that controls the Django project on the server.
    2. The settings.py file contains information about all of the apps installed in the project.
    3. The urls.py file serves as a road map for the entire web project.
    4. The __init .py file is blank and instructs the Python interpreter that the directory containing settings.py is a module/package.
    5. The wsgi.py file is for the WSGI server format.

    22. Why is Django referred to as a loosely linked framework?


    Because of its MTV architecture, Django is known as a loosely connected framework.

    Django’s design is an MVC variant, and MTV is advantageous since it removes server code from the client’s workstation. Instead, the client machine contains models and views, and templates only return to the client.

    All of the architectural components are distinct from one another. Frontend and backend developers can work on the projects concurrently because their changes do not affect each other.

    23. What is Django REST Framework (DRF)?


    It is one of the top Django interview questions for experienced professionals.

    The Django REST Framework or DRF is a versatile and robust toolset for quickly developing Web APIs.

    The following are the key reasons why the REST framework is an excellent choice:

    1. API accessible via the web
    2. Policies for authentication
    3. Serialization
    4. Extensive documentation and outstanding community support.
    5. Because of their minimal bandwidth, they are ideal for web apps.
    6. This framework is trusted by global enterprises like Red Hat, Mozilla, Heroku, Eventbrite, and others.

    24. How did Django come into existence?


    Django arose out of a suitable need. World Online developers Adrian Holovaty and Simon Willison began utilizing Python to create websites. 

    They began to draw out a generic Web development framework that allowed them to build Web apps more and more quickly as they continued to build intensive, richly interactive sites. World Online chose to open-source the resulting software, Django, in the summer of 2005.

    25. How should file-based sessions be used in Django?


    You must set the SESSION ENGINE setting to “django.contrib.sessions.backends.file” to use file-based sessions.

    26. Explain the Django URLs briefly?


    Django allows you to create custom URLs and URL structures. The objective is to maintain a clear URL structure free from framework restrictions. 

    You must create a Python module called URLconf, also known as URL configuration, It uses just Python code to create URLs for your app by acting as a mapping between URL path expressions and Python functions. 

    This mapping can include references to other mappings and be as long or short as necessary. The matching view is acquired when a request is handled by comparing the requested URL to the URLs in the urls.py file.

    27. What is Django ORM?


    The most famous feature of Django is the Object-Relational Mapper (ORM). It enables you to interact with app data stored in relational databases such as SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL

    Django ORM is an abstraction between the data structure (models) of a web application and the database where the data is kept. As a result, you can retrieve, remove, save, and do other database actions without writing code.

    The primary benefit of ORMs is their quick evolution. ORMs enable projects to be more portable. Django ORM makes database changes easier.

    28. When to use iterators in Django ORM?


    Iterators are Python containers that hold multiple elements. Every iterator object implements two methods: __init__() and __next__().

    When processing results that take up much memory space in Django, you should utilize an iterator. The iterator() technique can be used to do this, which evaluates the QuerySet and returns an iterator over the results.

    29. Give an overview of Django Admin.


    While appearing for Django interview questions and answers, you should have knowledge of admin of this framework.

    Django Admin is the administrative command-line utility. It is a preset interface imported from the “django.contrib packages” to meet all web developer demands.

    The Django Admin interface contains user authentication and advanced capabilities such as approving access, CMS (Content Management System), controlling multiple models, and so on.

    30. How do you get started with a Django project?


    Navigate to the directory where you wish to work on a project, and then type the command below:

    $ django-admin startproject ABC
That will create an "ABC" folder with the following structure −

ABC/

  manage.py

  myproject/

      __init__.py

      settings.py

      urls.py

      wsgi.py

    Note: Here, “ABC” is the name of the project. You can mention any name you want.